O procedimento de relatórios periódicos do Sistema das Nações Unidas e o direito humano à água: oportunidades e desafios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30612/videre.v12i24.11612Palavras-chave:
Direito humano à água. Sistema das Nações Unidas. Monitoramento. Relatórios periódicos.Resumo
A água é fundamental para a vida. Contudo, foi apenas nos anos 70 que o acesso a este bem começou a ser discutido, a nível internacional, como um direito humano. Antes disso, algumas Convenções e Tratados das Nações Unidas reconheciam, de alguma forma, o direito à água, mas tal direito tinha que ser inferido de outros direitos ou estava limitado à uma determinada categoria de pessoas. Independentemente das suas limitações, estes textos podem reforçar a aplicação do direito humano à água, especialmente através dos seus mecanismos de monitoramento: os relatórios periódicos e os casos litigiosos. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar em que medida o mecanismo de relatórios periódicos pode contribuir à efetividade do direito humano à água. Para tal, a metodologia qualitativa será utilizada. A investigação documental, o estudo da jurisprudência e a legislação internacional apoiarão a informação relacionada ao tema. Parece que, de fato, os relatórios periódicos reforçam a existência de um direito humano à água autônomo, mas, no que se refere à sua efetiva aplicação, a contribuição deste mecanismo de monitoramento depende da conformidade dos países com suas obrigações legais.Downloads
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