Instrumentalization of Peace:

the P5 and UN peace operations in the 21st century

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v11i21.14828

Keywords:

Peace Operations, P5, Security Council

Abstract

The article investigates the involvement of the five permanent members of the Security Council (P5) - China, the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and Russia - in peace operations carried out by the United Nations (UN). We will seek to profile each of the P5 states as contributors of human and material resources to peace operations and point to elements that help to understand their patterns of engagement. We intend to show that, in addition to their interests in promoting international peace, security and stability in more general terms, the political, economic and operational involvement of the P5 is motivated by a variety of particular goals, resulting in an increasingly selective participation. This instrumentalisation of peace seems to be associated with the emergence of a new profile of operations, especially in the last decade, characterised by the logic of stabilisation. Methodologically, the article will be based on bibliographical and documentary research, and qualitative data analysis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Geraldine Rosas, PUC Minas

Professora Adjunta do Departamento de Relações Internacionais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas)

Henrique Gomes e Silva, PUC Minas

Graduando em Relações Internacionais na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas)

Letícia Carvalho, PUC Minas

Professora do Departamento de Relações Internacionais da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas)

References

ABILOVA, Olga. Peacekeeping Contribution Profile: Russia. 2016. Disponível em: <http://www.providingforpeacekeeping.org/2016/10/31/peacekeeping-contribution-profile-russia/> Acessado em 23 de julho de 2020.

ABDENUR, Adriana Erthal. UN Peacekeeping in a multipolar world order: norms, role expectations, and leadership. In: DE CONING, C; PETER, M (org). United Nations Peace Operations in a Changing Global Order. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.

AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE. China Global Investment Tracker. Disponível em <https://www.aei.org/china-global-investment-tracker/> Acessado em 21 de julho de 2020.

BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

BRATERSKY, Maxim. Russia and Peacekeeping Operations: Conceptual and Practical Components of Russia’s Policy. International Organisations Research Journal, v. 13, n. 1, 2018, p. 157-170.

BRATERSKY, Maxim; LUKIN, Alexander. The Russian perspective on UN peacekeeping: Today and tomorrow. In: DE CONING, C; KARLSRUD, J; AOI, C (org). UN Peacekeeping Doctrine in a New Era: Adapting to Stabilisation, Protection and New Threats. London: Routledge, 2017.

BOUTELLIS, Arthur. Rethinking UN Peacekeeping Burden-Sharing in a Time of Global Disorder. Fundan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 13, 2019, p. 193-209.

CURRAN, David; WILLIAMS, Paul D.; The United Kingdom and United Nations peace operations. International Peacekeeping, v. 23, n. 5, 2016, p. 630–651.

DUARTE, Geraldine; ANDRADE, Letícia; SOUZA, Matheus; BALLESTRINI, A. “It may look like war, but it’s peacekeeping”: a MINUSMA e o Processo de Paz no Mali. Conjuntura Internacional, vol. 16, n.1, 2019, p. 28-40.

FINDLAY, T. Challenges for the new peacekeepers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

FLAVIN, William; AOI, Chiyuki. US doctrine and peace operations. In: DE CONING, C; KARLSRUD, J; AOI, C (org). UN Peacekeeping Doctrine in a New Era: Adapting to Stabilisation, Protection and New Threats. London: Routledge, 2017.

FRENCH REPUBLIC. French White Paper: defence and national security. 2013. Disponível em https://www.defense.gouv.fr/english/dgris/defence-policy/white-paper-2013/white-paper-2013 Acessado em 27 mai. 2021.

GAIBULLOEV, K.; SANDLER, T.; SHIMIZU, H. Demands for UN and non-UN peacekeeping: nonvoluntary versus voluntary contributions to a public good. Journal of Conflict Resolution, v.53, n.6. 2009. p. 827-852.

GILL, Bates; HUANG, Chin-Hao. The People´s Republic of China. In: BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

HOWARD, Lise M. Power in Peacekeeping. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.

KARLSRUD, John. The UN at War: Peace Operations in a New Era. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.

LANTEIGNE, Marc; HIRONO, Miwa (org). China’s Evolving Approach to Peacekeeping. New York: Routledge, 2012.

MCGREAL, Chris. Countries to pledge troops to bolster UN peacekeepers after intense US pressure. 2015. Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/27/un-peacekeeping-obama-countries-pledge-troops-counterterror> Acessado em 30 de maio de 2020.

MEISKE, Maline; RUGGERI, Andrea. Peacekeeping as a Tool of Foreign Policy. In: Oxford Encyclopaedia of International Relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.

MONTENEGRO, Renan H. Da Indiferença ao Engajamento: a participação da China em operações de paz das Nações Unidas. Rev. Carta Inter., Belo Horizonte, v. 13, n. 1, 2018, p. 73-97.

NIKITIN, Alexander. The Russian Federation. In: BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

NOVOSSELOFF, A; TARDY, T. France and the evolution of the UN peacekeeping doctrine. In: DE CONING, C; KARLSRUD, J; AOI, C (org). UN Peacekeeping Doctrine in a New Era: Adapting to Stabilisation, Protection and New Threats. London: Routledge, 2017.

PEOPLE´S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. China's Armed Forces: 30 Years of UN Peacekeeping Operations. 2020. Disponível em <http://english.www.gov.cn/archive/whitepaper/202009/18/content_WS5f6449a8c6d0f7257693c323.html> Acessado em 26 de maio de 2021

PROVIDING FOR PEACEKEEPING. IPI Peacekeeping Database. Disponível em: <http://www.providingforpeacekeeping.org/contributions/> Acessado em 25 de abril de 2020.

REINO UNIDO DE GRÃ BRETANHA E IRLANDA DO NORTE. National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review. 2015. Disponível em: <https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/555607/2015_Strategic_Defence_and_Security_Review.pdf> Acessado em 15 de maio de 2020.

SMITH, Adam C. United States of America. In: BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

TARDY, Thierry. France: the unlikely return to UN peacekeeping. International Peacekeeping, v. 23, n. 5, 2016, p. 610–629.

TARDY, Thierry. France. In: BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

UNITED NATIONS. United Nations Peacekeeping Data. Disponível em: <https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/data> Acessado em 25 de abril de 2020.

UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING. How we are funded. Disponível em <https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/how-we-are-funded> Acessado em 26 de maio de 2021.

UNITED STATES. Memorandum on United States Support to United Nations Peace Operations. 2015. Disponível em <https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-201500663/pdf/DCPD-201500663.pdf> Acessado em 25 de maio de 2021

UZONYI, Gary. Finding Soldiers of Peace: Three Dilemmas for UN Peacekeeping Missions. Washington, D. C.: Georgetown University Press, 2020.

WILLIAMS, Paul D. The United Kingdom. In: BELLAMY, Alex J.; WILLIAMS, Paul D (org). Providing Peacekeepers: The Politics, Challenges, and Future of United Nations Peacekeeping Contributions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

WILLIAMS, Paul D. The Security Council´s Peacekeeping Trilemma. International Affairs, vol.0, n.0. 2019, p.1-21.

ZURCHER, Christoph. 30 years of Chinese peacekeeping. CIPS Report. 2019. Disponível em: <https://www.cips-cepi.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/30YearsofChinesePeacekeeping-FINAL-Jan23-1.pdf> Acessado em 21 de julho de 2020.

Published

2022-11-23

How to Cite

Rosas, G., Gomes e Silva, H., & Carvalho, L. (2022). Instrumentalization of Peace:: the P5 and UN peace operations in the 21st century. Monções: UFGD Journal of International Relations, 11(21), 359–391. https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v11i21.14828