Reproductive choices in the post-colonial african and urban context: the case of Maputo, the capital of Mozambique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30612/el.v12i23.14802Keywords:
Fertility. Urban spaces. Africa, post-colonial. Mozambique. Maputo.Abstract
The article analyses how experiences of urbanism in a post-colonial African context shape reproductive choices. Employing a qualitative methodological approach, often overlooked in fertility studies in Africa, the analysis suggests that the desire or belief in the socioeconomic benefit of having a small family are compelling motivations to voluntarily reduce the number of children. However, the people’s autonomy (agency) and institutional factors (conditioned by the social structure) determine the opportunities to make alternative choices to achieve the desired family size. In other words, the number of opportunities to act (sociologically) is a determinant of reproductive choices. The conclusion is that disparities regarding intra-urban fertility, a problem that has received little scholarly attention in Africa and Mozambique in particular, are the result of differences in access to opportunities to act.
Downloads
References
AGADJANIAN, V. Fertility and society in Maputo Mozambique. Doctoral Thesis. University of Southern California. Los Angeles, California, 1995a.
AGADJANIAN, V. Fertility Patterns and Urban Lifestyles: Maputo, Mozambique, 1990’s. Paper presented at the 1995 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (PAA), April 6-8, 1995, San Francis-co, California. Washington, DC, 1995b.
AGADJANIAN, V. Religion, social milieu, and the contraceptive revolution. Population Studies, 55(2), 135–148, 2001.
ARNALDO, C. Regional fertility trends in Mozambique. Journal of Population Research 21(2), 177-197, 2004.
ARNALDO, C. Fecundidade em Moçambique nos últimos 50 anos: Alguma Mudança? In C. Arnaldo & B. Cau (Eds.) Dinâmicas de População e Saúde em Moçambique (pp. 37–60). Maputo: CEPSA, 2013.
BEJIN, A. Arsene Dumont and social capillarity. Population, 44(6), 1009–1028. 1989. Disponível em:< https://www.popline.org/node/369541>. Acesso em 03 de mai. de 2021.
BOHNSACK, R. Documentary method and group discussions. Qualitative analysis and documentary method in international educational re-search. Eds Bohnsack, R; Pfaff, N; Weller, W, 2010.
BOHNSACK, R. Documentary Method. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis, 2014.
BONGAARTS, J. A Framework for Analyzing the Proximate Determinants of Fertility. Population and Development Review, 4(1), 105. 1978. Disponível em: < https://doi.org/10.2307/1972149>. Acesso em 03 de mai. de 2021.
BONGAARTS, J. Modeling the fertility impact of the proximate determinants: Time for a tune-up. Demographic Research, 33(1), 535–560. 2015. Disponível em:<https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2015.33.19>. Acesso em 03 de mai. de 2021.
BONGAARTS, J. Africa’s Unique Fertility Transition. Population and Development Review, 43, 39–58, 2017.
BONGAARTS, J.; & FEENEY, G. On the Quantum and Tempo of Fertility. Population and Development Review, 24(2), 271, 1998.
BONGAARTS, J.; FRANK, O.; & LESTHAEGHE, R. The Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa. Population and Development Review, 10(3), 511–537, 1984.
BOURDIEU, P; & WACQUANT, L. An invitation to reflexive sociology. University of Chicago press, 1992.
BOURDIEU, P. Social space and symbolic power. Sociological Theory, 7(1), 14–25, 1989.
CALDWELL, J. C. Toward a restatement of demographic transition theory. Population and Development Review, 2 (3/4), 231-366, 1976.
CALDWELL, J. C.; & CALDWELL, P. The Cultural Context of High Fertility in sub-Saharan Africa. Population and Development Review, 13(3), 409–437, 1987.
COHEN, B. Urbanization in developing countries: Current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability. Technology in Society, 28(1–2), 63–80, 2006.
COSTA, A. B. Famílias de Maputo: processos de mobilidade e transformações urbanas. Revista Internacional Em Língua Portuguesa-RILP, 177–192, 2011.
DEMENY, P. Social science and population policy. The Population and Development Review, 451–479, 1988.
FUKUYAMA, F. The “End of History” 20 Years Later. New Perspectives Quarterly, 30(4), 31–39, 2013.
GARENNE, M.; & JOSEPH, V. The Timing of the Fertility Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Development, 30(10), 1835–1843, 2002.
GREENHALGH, S. Fertility As Mobility: Sinic Transitions. Population and Development Review, 14(4), 629–674. 1988. Disponível em:< https://doi.org/10.2307/1973627>. Acesso em 03 de mai. de 2021.
GREENHALGH, S. The social construction of population science: An intellectual, institutional, and political history of twentieth-century demography. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 38(1), 26–66, 1996.
GURMU, E. & MACE, R. Fertility decline driven by poverty: the case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Journal of Biosocial Science 40(3), 339-358, 2008.
HAFERBURG, C. & ROTHFUSS, E. Relational Urbanity – Perspectives on a global urban society beyond universalism and localism. Geographische Zeitschrift 107(3), 166-187, 2019.
HÄRMÄ, J. Is there a private schooling market in poor neighbour-hoods in Maputo, Mozambique? Exploring the role of the non-state education sector. Oxford Review of Education, 42(5), 511–527, 2016.
HEDSTRÖM, P; & SWEDBERG, R. Social mechanisms: An analytical approach to social theory. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
HEDSTRÖM, P. Dissecting the social: On the principles of analytical sociology. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
HEDSTRÖM, P. Explaining social change: An analytical approach. Papers: Revista de Sociologia, 80, 73–95, 2006.
INE [Instituto Nacional de Estatística]. Moçambique: II Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação 1997: Resultados Definitivos - Cidade de Maputo. Maputo, 1999.
INE [Instituto Nacional de Estatística]. Moçambique: III Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação 2007: Resultados Definitivos - Cidade de Maputo. Maputo, 2009.
INE [Instituto Nacional de Estatística]. Moçambique: III Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação 2007: Apresentação dos Resultados preliminares. Maputo, 2019.
JENKINS, P. (2013). Urbanization, urbanism, and urbanity in an African city: home spaces and house cultures. Springer.
KINGSLEY, D.; & BLAKE, J. Social Structure and Fertility: An Analytic Framework. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 4(3), 211–235, 1956. Disponível em:< https://doi.org/10.1086/449714>. Acesso em 03 de mai. de 2021.
KNODEL, J.; HAVANON, N.; & PRAMUALRATANA, A. Fertility transition in Thailand: A qualitative analysis. Population and Development Review, 10(2), 297-328, 1984.
LESTHAEGHE, R. Reproduction and social organization in sub-Saharan Africa (Vol. 4). University of California Press, 1989.
LESTHAEGHE, R.; & SURKYN, J. Cultural dynamics and economic theories of fertility change. Population and Development Review 14(1), 1-45, 1988.
MACAMO, E. The Taming of Fate: Approaching Risk from a Social Action Perspective Case Studies from Southern Mozambique. CODESRIA, 2017.
MACE, R. Reproducing in cities. Science, 319(5864), 764-766, 2008.
MAZIVE, E. Fecundidade diferencial intraurbana. O caso de Maputo Cidade. Master Thesis. Chile, 1999.
MBACKE, C. Family Planning Programs and Fertility Transition in sub-Saharan Africa. Population and Development Review, 20(1), 188–193, 1994.
MELO, V. de P. Urbanismo português na cidade de Maputo: passado, presente e futuro. Urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana 5(1), 71-88, 2013.
RAPOSO, I. & SALVADOR, C. Há diferença: Ali é cidade, aqui é subúrbio: Urbanidade dos bairros, tipos e estratégias de habitação em Luanda e Maputo. In: Subúrbios Luanda e Maputo (pp. 105–138). Lisboa: Edições Colibri, 2007.
RICHARDSON, C. & SKOTT-MYHRE, H. A. Introduction. In C. Richardson & H. A. Skott-Myhre (Eds.), Habitus of the Hood. Intellect Books, 2012.
SEAR, R.; LAWSON, D. W.; KAPLAN, H.; & SHENK, M. K. Under-standing variation in human fertility: what can we learn from evolutionary demography? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 371(1692), 20150144, 2016.
SHENK, M. K.; KAPLAN, H. S.; & HOOPER, P. L. Status competition, inequality, and fertility: implications for the demographic transition. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 371(1692), 20150150, 2016.
STRULIK, H.; & VOLLMER, S. The Fertility Transition Around the World-1950-2005. In: Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Hannover 2010. Verein für Socialpolitik, Research Committee Development Economics, 2010.
VARGHESE, N. V. Growth and expansion of private higher education in Africa. Paris, 2004.
VIANA, D. African City: towards a new paradigm–“chameleonic” urbanism for hybrid cities”. International Conference on African Perspectives: The African Inner City. Pretoria: University of Pretoria, 2009.
WILLEKENS, F.; BIJAK, J.; KLABUNDE, A.; & PRSKAWETZ, A. The science of choice: an introduction. Population Studies, 71(sup1), 1–13, 2017.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 3.0 Brasil que permitindo o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
