Del desplazamiento forzado a la inmovilidad forzada: el régimen de movilidad israelí para la Franja de Gaza posterior a la retirada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v13i25.17279Palabras clave:
Franja de Gaza, Régimen de Movilidad, Colonialismo por el asentamiento israelí, acceso a los derechosResumen
El artículo investiga los efectos del régimen de movilidad impuesto por Israel en la Franja de Gaza en el período posterior a 2005, cuando Israel retiró todos sus asentamientos de la región. Aunque el Estado de Israel no reclama más responsabilidad por Gaza bajo la ley de ocupación internacional, sus políticas de control remoto revelan la continuación de la dominación colonial por otros medios. En este escenario, argumentamos que Gaza emerge tanto como un espacio de expulsión, donde los palestinos deben moverse y permanecer, como un paisaje de muerte, ya que los efectos de la política de (in)movilidad de las personas generan efectos fatales. Desde una perspectiva histórica, el artículo argumenta que Gaza vivió dos fenómenos contrastantes: un momento de desplazamiento forzado, cuando 200.000 palestinos se refugiaron en la región durante la creación del Estado de Israel en 1948, y un momento de inmovilidad forzada, provocada por las restricciones a la circulación de personas y productos, que opera desde 2005. Aunque contrastantes, ambos fenómenos pueden ser entendidos a través del marco teórico del colonialismo por asentamiento sionista, que desde sus inicios ha buscado enfrentar el problema “árabe”: la demografía amenaza para el establecimiento de un estado judío en Palestina.
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