Las caravanas migrantes centroamericanas y los EEUU: una investigación acerca de las consecuencias de ignorarse el nexo migración-clima

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v10i19.12953

Palabras clave:

Migración climática, Movilidad climática, Centroamérica.

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre las consecuencias políticas y analíticas al ignorar el nexo entre migración-clima y la reacción de los Estados Unidos a la reciente migración centroamericana, considerando, en este sentido, la literatura sobre el desplazamiento climático y la relación histórica de los EE. UU hacia la migración. Nuestro análisis comprende el período desde el inicio de las caravanas de migrantes centroamericanos en 2017 hasta fines de 2020. El análisis es construido desde una perspectiva cualitativa. Se trabaja con fuentes primarias como informes de datos migratorios y climáticos, declaraciones presidenciales y artículos periodísticos sobre las políticas migratorias de Estados Unidos hacia las caravanas centroamericanas, en los cuales fue posible identificar las implicaciones políticas y humanitarias que surgieron a través del uso de discursos antiinmigrantes y el desdeño de la conexión entre el cambio climático y la migración forzada. La caracterización errónea de estos flujos migratorios no como una consecuencia climática pero sí como migración económica convencional permite una posición más soberana de los EE. UU, menoscabando su responsabilidad internacional por el cambio climático y los migrantes climáticos.

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Biografía del autor/a

Rodrigo Führ, Universidade de Brasília

Master's student in International Relations at the University of Brasília. Bachelor in International Relations at UFRGS. His research focuses on the global climate adaptation governance and its interplay with climate migration.

Ana Laura Anschau, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

PhD candidate and MA on International Strategic Studies at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Her research focuses on the Global Governance of Migration and the role of cities.

Veronica Korber Gonçalves, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

Professor of International Relations and of the Postgraduate Program in International Strategic Studies (PPGEEI) at UFRGS. Coordinator of GERIMA (Research Group on International Relations and the Environment). Member of NEPEMIGRA (Center for Study, Research and Extension on Migration). Researcher on International Relations and the Environment.

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Publicado

2021-10-15

Cómo citar

Führ, R., Anschau, A. L., & Gonçalves, V. K. (2021). Las caravanas migrantes centroamericanas y los EEUU: una investigación acerca de las consecuencias de ignorarse el nexo migración-clima. Monções: Revista De Relações Internacionais Da UFGD, 10(19), 529–560. https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v10i19.12953