Do deslocamento forçado à imobilidade forçada: o regime israelense de mobilidade para a Faixa de Gaza no pós-desengajamento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v13i25.17279Palavras-chave:
Faixa de Gaza, Regime de Mobilidade, Colonialismo por povoamento israelenseResumo
O artigo investiga os efeitos do regime de mobilidade imposto por Israel na Faixa de Gaza após o desengajamento de 2005, quando Israel retirou todos os seus assentamentos da região. Embora o Estado de Israel afirme não ter mais responsabilidade sobre Gaza de acordo com a lei internacional de ocupação, suas políticas de controle remoto revelam a continuação da dominação colonial por outros meios. Nesse cenário, argumentamos que Gaza emerge tanto como um espaço de expulsão, onde os palestinos devem se deslocar e permanecer, quanto como uma deathscape, já que os efeitos da política de (i)mobilidade de pessoas geram efeitos fatais. Em uma perspectiva histórica, o artigo argumenta que Gaza experimentou dois fenômenos contrastantes: um momento de deslocamento forçado, quando 200 mil palestinos se refugiaram na região durante a criação do Estado de Israel, em 1948, e um momento de imobilidade forçada, causado por restrições à circulação de pessoas e produtos, que funcionam desde 2005. Embora contrastantes, ambos os fenômenos podem ser compreendidos por meio do enquadramento teórico do colonialismo por povoamento sionista, que desde o seu surgimento procurou lidar com o problema "árabe": a ameaça demográfica ao estabelecimento de um Estado judeu na Palestina.
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