PADRÕES CLIMATOLÓGICOS ASSOCIADOS A EVENTOS DE SECA NO LESTE DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO

Autores

  • Luis Felippe Gozzo
  • Dóris Santos Palma
  • Maria de Souza Custódio
  • Anita Drumond

Resumo

Os mecanismos de ocorrência de secas no Sudeste do Brasil são complexos, pois a região encontra-se na zona de transição entre os regimes atmosféricos tropical e extratropical. Este trabalho apresenta as condições climatológicas médias sazonais no início de eventos de seca meteorológica na faixa leste do estado de São Paulo no período de 1901 a 2010. Os eventos foram identificados utilizando o índice de evapotranspiração-precipitação padronizado (SPEI) calculado a partir dos dados da reanálise ERA20C. Durante o verão e o outono, o início dos eventos é associado a uma teleconexão atmosférica originada por anomalias quentes do oceano na região da Indonésia. Um padrão de bloqueio no Pacífico Sul desfavorece o avanço de perturbações de médios e altos níveis em direção à América do Sul, e o transporte de umidade das regiões tropicais em direção a São Paulo é desfavorecido pelo enfraquecimento do Jato de Baixos Níveis. No inverno, as secas se iniciam associadas à intensificação da Alta Subtropical sobre a costa do Sudeste por um trem de ondas barotrópico propagando-se desde o Índico, e ao aumento da temperatura média e da evapotranspiração durante a fase negativa da Oscilação Antártica. O escoamento de grande escala associado aos eventos de seca iniciados na primavera remete ao padrão de teleconexão da La Niña. Os índices climáticos mais relacionados à série temporal do SPEI na faixa leste de São Paulo são da Oscilação Antártica (outono e inverno), da oscilação do Atlântico Tropical Sul (outono e primavera), e do El Niño-Oscilação Sul (primavera).

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Publicado

06-04-2021

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Gozzo, L. F., Palma, D. S., Custódio, M. de S., & Drumond, A. (2021). PADRÕES CLIMATOLÓGICOS ASSOCIADOS A EVENTOS DE SECA NO LESTE DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO. Revista Brasileira De Climatologia, 28, 321–341. Recuperado de https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/rbclima/article/view/14507

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