Climate classifications: methods, characteristics and objectives in climate study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55761/abclima.v37i21.19874Keywords:
Climate patterns. Climate maps. PRISMA.Abstract
Climate classifications are essential for understanding weather patterns at different scales, with applications in agriculture, urban planning, and environmental studies. This study aims to relate different climate classifications, analyzing their purposes, application contexts and impacts on research and classification processes. To this end, a systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol was carried out, with the analysis of 31 articles published between 2000 and 2023, selected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results showed a constant search for the improvement of climate classifications, with emphasis on the Köppen, Köppen-Geiger and Köppen-Trewartha systems, widely used in the elaboration of climate maps, identification of climate change and evaluation of environmental impacts. In addition, the importance of these classifications for scientific advancement was evidenced, with applications in areas such as health, hydrology, vegetation and energy. The systematic review revealed a wide diversity of applications of climate classifications, but also highlighted that most studies focus on improving existing classifications and developing new mappings. This indicates that, despite the recognized relevance of these tools, there are still gaps and challenges to be overcome in order to create more accurate and comprehensive methods capable of meeting current and future climate-related demands.
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