Analysis of the mitigating effect of the microclimate of the understory forest of the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve in Central Amazonia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55761/abclima.v37i21.19670Keywords:
Tropical forest, urbanization, microclimate, environmental monitoring.Abstract
Vegetation cover plays a fundamental role in modulating the microclimate and regulating hydrological processes, particularly in sensitive ecosystems such as the Amazon rainforest. This research was conducted in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in Manaus, Amazonas, between December 2020 and June 2021, with the aim of evaluating the interaction between vegetation structure and microclimate in the dynamics of surface soil moisture, comparing areas of understory and clearings. The study also aims to measure the capacity of the forest ecosystem to buffer climate variations and its relevance to hydrological processes in the region, which is increasingly vulnerable to climate change. Measurements of incident solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity, soil moisture, and precipitation were taken. The results indicated a significant loss due to interception, estimated at 46.79% in the understory area. The vegetation cover blocked about 94.85% of solar radiation, resulting in a milder microclimate, with daily temperatures up to 4.0 °C lower and relative humidity 15.0% higher in the understory compared to the clearing. In addition, the understory soil remained moister on dry days, with stable vapor pressure deficit. These findings reinforce the importance of vegetation cover in modulating the local microclimate, which is essential for maintaining soil moisture and mitigating the effects of climate change in the Amazon rainforest. Monitoring these variables is critical for understanding the impacts of land use changes and global climate, providing input for conservation and sustainable management policies in the Amazon.
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