Atmospheric patterns associated with storm surge events on the south coast of Brazil

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55761/abclima.v35i20.17743

Keywords:

Climatology. Extratropical cyclones. Winds. Waves. El Niño-Southern Oscillation.

Abstract

The southern coast of Brazil is a region where extratropical cyclones and frontal systems pass through, influencing sea conditions through the formation of storm surges, causing impacts on the coast, especially on port activity, crew members, vessels and the population living in coastal regions. In view of the above, the aim of this work was to carry out a study of storm surge events on the coasts of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina and the variability associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Phenomenon, based on Weather Warnings from the Brazilian Navy and ERA5 reanalysis data. The results show that storm surges occur at any time of the year, but more frequently during the autumn and winter. The patterns associated with autumn and winter indicate the presence of a greater atmospheric pressure gradient in the study area, favoring the predominance of winds from the southern quadrant and the consequent piling up of water on the coast. Finally, through the calculation of baroclinic instability, it was possible to observe that the storm surges occurring during the neutral and positive phases of the ENSO phenomenon are associated with the passage of more intense extratropical cyclones and frontal systems, when compared to periods of La Niña.

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Author Biographies

Yago Brito Marinho, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia

Oceanógrafo pela Universidade Federal do Pará. Atualemnte é mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande.

Jeferson Prietsch Machado, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia

Meteorologista pela Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Mestre e Doutor em Meteorologia Agrícola pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Atualmente é professor adjunto do Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande.

Jaci Maria Bilhalva Saraiva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande

Meteorologista pela Universidade Federal de Pelotas e Doutora em Meteorologia pela Universidade de São Paulo. Atualmente é Professora Titular do Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande.

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Published

19/07/2024

How to Cite

Marinho, Y. B., Machado, J. P., & Saraiva, J. M. B. (2024). Atmospheric patterns associated with storm surge events on the south coast of Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Climatology, 35(20), 124–154. https://doi.org/10.55761/abclima.v35i20.17743

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