Empresas militares e de segurança privada nos mares: novos posicionamentos sobre os serviços de proteção armada contra a pirataria

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v9i17.10943

Palavras-chave:

Empresas militares e de segurança privada. Segurança marítima. Pirataria marítima.

Resumo

Refletindo uma responsabilidade estatal pela segurança marítima estabelecida há pelo menos um século e meio, posicionamentos contrários à proteção armada de embarcações civis foram sustentados por diversos stakeholders do transporte marítimo. Contudo, nas duas últimas décadas, o ressurgimento da pirataria e do roubo armado contra navios promoveu a prestação de serviços de proteção armada por empresas militares e de segurança privada (EMSPs), primeiro no Sudeste Asiático e depois no Chifre da África. No segundo caso, o fenômeno provocou mudanças nos posicionamentos anteriormente contrários à prática, notados pela literatura especializada de maneira fragmentada e genérica. Este artigo revisa essa literatura com o objetivo de explorar o modo como novos posicionamentos foram estabelecidos diante do maior protagonismo assumido pelas EMSPs, analisando as condições e a direção dessas mudanças. O trabalho identifica um ponto de inflexão nos posicionamentos de algumas das principais associações da indústria de transporte marítimo, do maior mercado de seguros marítimos, da Organização Marítima Internacional e dos Estados de bandeira e costeiros.

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Biografia do Autor

Gabriel Patriarca, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)

Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL). Pesquisador do Laboratório de Estudos sobre Governança da Segurança (LEGS).

Cleber da Silva Lopes, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)

Professor Adjunto do Departamento de Ciências Sociais e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL). Coordenador do Laboratório de Estudos Sobre Governança da Segurança (LEGS).

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Publicado

2020-06-29

Como Citar

Patriarca, G., & Lopes, C. da S. (2020). Empresas militares e de segurança privada nos mares: novos posicionamentos sobre os serviços de proteção armada contra a pirataria. Monções: Revista De Relações Internacionais Da UFGD, 9(17), 172–200. https://doi.org/10.30612/rmufgd.v9i17.10943

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Artigos Dossiê - Crime e Relações Internacionais