Chemical and physical soil attributes cultivated with winter forage and soybean in succession

Abstract

Many producers resist adopting the presence of animals on farms, as they believe that it can compact the soil and cause reduction in crop productivity in succession. Thus, it was aimed to assess the chemical and physical soil properties after cultivation of winter forage under different managements grazing and soybean crop in integrated crop-livestock system. The experiment was carried out in a Red Latosol on a randomized block design, in strip plots and three replications. Were tested different winter forages (oat BRS 139, black oat IPR 61, white oat IPR Esmeralda, Triticale 111 Tpolo and the consortium of Triticale 111 TPolo and oat IPR Emerald), grazing managements (without grazing, one grazing and two grazing) and soil layers (0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m). Total nitrogen (NT), total organic carbon (TOC), carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N), soil organic matter (MOS), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Mac), microporosity (Mic) and apparent density (Ds) were determined. The forage plants used for grazing in the winter period resulted in different levels of MOS, NT and Mac. The cultivation of Triticale 111 TPolo resulted in lower Mic and Pt when managed under two grazing in the 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m layers and the highest Ds was found in the surface layer, regardless of the forage and management. The winter forages when submitted to different grazing pressures did not change the soil attributes between the evaluated layers.