Parâmetros morfofisiológicos e rendimento de grãos do arroz em condições de incremento do CO2 atmosférico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30612/agrarian.v12i46.8553Keywords:
Dióxido de carbono. Open top chambers. Mudanças climáticas. Orizicultura.Abstract
O arroz é um dos cereais mais cultivados no Brasil. O incremento de CO2 atmosférico é uma das principais variáveis ambientais que podem afetar a produtividade das plantas cultivadas. Assim, o objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da elevação da concentração do CO2 atmosférico sobre características morfofisiológicas e rendimento de grãos em dois genótipos de arroz no Sul do Brasil. Para tal, plantas de arroz das cultivares BRS Querência e Inov CL foram cultivadas sob duas concentrações de CO2 (400 ou 700 ppm). As variáveis avaliadas foram trocas gasosas, alterações morfológicas e componentes de rendimento de grãos. Plantas cultivadas a 700 ppm de CO2 apresentaram aumento na taxa fotossintética e na concentração interna de CO2 e redução na condutância estomática de vapores de água e na taxa transpiratória. Nestas plantas ocorreu incremento na estatura, comprimento de raiz e massa seca da parte aérea e de raiz, em estágio vegetativo. No estágio reprodutivo, plantas cultivadas a 700 ppm de CO2 apresentaram incremento na estatura e na massa seca de raiz. Em relação ao rendimento, ocorreu incremento no número de grãos por panícula, no peso de mil grãos, no peso por panícula e redução de grãos chochos. Assim, concluímos que o incremento na concentração de CO2 atmosférica influência no desempenho agronômico do arroz cultivado no Brasil através de alterações fisiológicas, ganho de biomassa e no incremento do rendimento de grãos.Downloads
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