Perdas de colônias de Apis mellifera L. no inverno suplementadas com alimentação artificial com pólen e favos de mel
Keywords:
abelha africanizadas, deficiencia de pólen, Varroa.Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tipo de suplementação, nas áreas de cria, alimento e infestação por Varroa destructor nas colônias perdidas. Foram analisadas18 colônias de Apis mellifera L. alojadas em colméias modelo Langstroth e submetidas a dois tipos de suplementação alimentar: 1- cremosa (açúcar cristal moído, mel e pólen); 2- favos de mel. As áreas de ovo-larva e pupa, néctar, mel e pólen das 18 colônias foram fotografadas e analisadas com o auxílio do software AutoCAD. As colônias perdidas suplementadas com alimento artificial e pólen possuíam áreas de: ovo-larva (87,79 ± 70,38cm2), pupa (228,46 ± 192,94cm2), néctar (1.219 ± 149,58cm2), mel (563,47 ± 807,93cm2), pólen (139,09 ± 80,30cm2) e percentagem de infestação por V. destructor (10,50 ± 4,30%). As colônias perdidas suplementadas com favos de mel possuíam áreas de ovo-larva (7,92 ± 9,35cm2), pupas (60,71 ± 63,94 cm2), néctar (658,22 ± 1.040,94cm2), mel (122,62 ± 49,45cm2), pólen (53,58 ± 72,39cm2) e percentagem de infestação por V. destructor (14,40 ± 1,56%). As causas das perdas em parte podem ser atribuídas à infestação por V. destructor.
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