CICLONES EXTRATROPICAIS NO HEMISFÉRIO SUL: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE DIFERENTES REANÁLISES

Autores

  • Vitor Hugo Marrafon
  • Michelle Simões Reboita
  • Rosmeri Porfírio da Rocha
  • Natália Machado Crespo

Resumo

Os ciclones extratropicais são sistemas responsáveis por mudanças no tempo e clima das regiões onde atuam. O conhecimento de suas características médias é obtido por meio de extensas bases de dados e códigos computacionais. Há vários estudos para o Hemisfério Norte (HN) que comparam a climatologia dos ciclones em diferentes reanálises. Como para o Hemisfério Sul (HS) há poucos estudos com esse enfoque, esse é o objetivo do presente trabalho. Aqui, os ciclones ao sul de 20oS são identificados no campo da pressão atmosférica ao nível médio do mar obtido de seis reanálises (NCEP1, NCEP2, NCEP20C, ERAI, ERA5 e ERA20C) e com um esquema automático. Dois períodos são analisados: um longo (1900-2010), que inclui as reanálises NCEP20C e a ERA20C, e um curto (1980-2018), que engloba as outras 4 reanálises. Com relação às reanálises centenárias, o NCEP20C mostra tendência positiva e estatisticamente significativa da frequência de ciclones, enquanto a ERA20C mostra tendência negativa desses sistemas no HS. Comparando as 6 reanálises, aquelas com maior resolução são as que resolvem o maior número de ciclones, mas isso não afeta as características climatológicas dos ciclones, como o ciclo anual da frequência que é similar em todos os conjuntos. A frequência de ciclones intensos (que atingem pressão central menor do que 980 hPa) mostra aumento em todas as reanálises, variando de 6 sistemas por década na ERA5 a 16 no NCEP1. Um resultado interessante nas reanálises centenárias é que a tendência de todos os ciclones no HS diminui em latitudes médias e aumenta ao redor da Antártica, sinal indicativo de mudanças climáticas.

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Publicado

06-04-2021

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Marrafon, V. H., Reboita, M. S., da Rocha, R. P., & Crespo, N. M. (2021). CICLONES EXTRATROPICAIS NO HEMISFÉRIO SUL: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE DIFERENTES REANÁLISES. Revista Brasileira De Climatologia, 28, 48–73. Recuperado de https://ojs.ufgd.edu.br/index.php/rbclima/article/view/14339

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